通过在数据库创建存储过程，只需要传入一个想要查找的值，即可查询出这个值所在的表和字段名。

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[SP_FindValueInDB]
(
@value VARCHAR(1024)
)        
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(1024) 
DECLARE @table VARCHAR(64) 
DECLARE @column VARCHAR(64) 
CREATE TABLE #t ( 
    tablename VARCHAR(64), 
    columnname VARCHAR(64) 
) 
DECLARE TABLES CURSOR
FOR
SELECT o.name, c.name 
FROM syscolumns c 
INNER JOIN sysobjects o ON c.id = o.id 
WHERE o.type = 'U' AND c.xtype IN (167, 175, 231, 239) 
ORDER BY o.name, c.name 
OPEN TABLES 
FETCH NEXT FROM TABLES 
INTO @table, @column
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET @sql = 'IF EXISTS(SELECT NULL FROM [' + @table + '] '
SET @sql = @sql + 'WHERE RTRIM(LTRIM([' + @column + '])) LIKE ''%' + @value + '%'') '
SET @sql = @sql + 'INSERT INTO #t VALUES (''' + @table + ''', '''
SET @sql = @sql + @column + ''')'
EXEC(@sql) 
FETCH NEXT FROM TABLES 
INTO @table, @column
END
CLOSE TABLES 
DEALLOCATE TABLES 
SELECT *
FROM #t 
DROP TABLE #t 
END

使用方法：

EXEC [SP_FindValueInDB] '值'