centos8 安装python3、pip、pyinstaller

centos8安装python3在这里插入代码片安装pyinstall第一种方法：下载PyInstaller进行安装第一种方法：使用pip安装（推荐）

火车头-110

1080人浏览 · 2024-06-18 11:22:41

火车头-110 · 2024-06-18 11:22:41 发布

centos8安装python3
安装python3：https://www.cnblogs.com/qq931399960/p/11664594.html

一、安装python3

# 步骤：1、输入python3看有没有 
[root@localhost ~]# python3 -V

# 安装python需要指定版本，这里直接安装python36
[root@localhost ~]# yum install python
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Last metadata expiration check: 2:12:07 ago on Tue 13 Aug 2024 02:10:50 PM CST.
No match for argument: python
There are following alternatives for "python": python2, python36, python38, python39

安装命令：

[root@localhost ~]# yum install python36

结果：

Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Last metadata expiration check: 2:12:14 ago on Tue 13 Aug 2024 02:10:50 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                  Architecture        Version                                           Repository              Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 python36                 x86_64              3.6.8-38.module_el8.5.0+895+a459eca8              AppStream               19 k
Installing dependencies:
 python3-pip              noarch              9.0.3-20.el8                                      AppStream               20 k
Enabling module streams:
 python36                                     3.6

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install  2 Packages

Total download size: 39 k
Installed size: 16 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): python3-pip-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch.rpm                                                   8.6 kB/s |  20 kB     00:02
(2/2): python36-3.6.8-38.module_el8.5.0+895+a459eca8.x86_64.rpm                              8.3 kB/s |  19 kB     00:02
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                         17 kB/s |  39 kB     00:02
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                     1/1
  Installing       : python36-3.6.8-38.module_el8.5.0+895+a459eca8.x86_64                                                1/2
  Running scriptlet: python36-3.6.8-38.module_el8.5.0+895+a459eca8.x86_64                                                1/2
  Installing       : python3-pip-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch                                                                     2/2
  Running scriptlet: python3-pip-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch                                                                     2/2
  Verifying        : python3-pip-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch                                                                     1/2
  Verifying        : python36-3.6.8-38.module_el8.5.0+895+a459eca8.x86_64                                                2/2

Installed:
  python3-pip-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch                    python36-3.6.8-38.module_el8.5.0+895+a459eca8.x86_64

Complete!

安装完成，使用命令查看版本

[root@localhost ~]# python3 -V
Python 3.6.8

[root@localhost ~]# whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3.6m /usr/lib/python3.6 /usr/lib64/python3.6 /usr/include/python3.6m /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz

二、更换pip源

修改 /etc/pip.conf 文件：
1.执行命令：vi /etc/pip.conf 编辑 pip.conf 配置文件
2.按下 i 键插入，输入如下内容，按下 esc，:wq 保存退出
[global]
index-url=https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

测试命令：pip3 install flask

查看安装目录：

[root@localhost ~]# python3
Python 3.6.8 (default, Sep 10 2021, 09:13:53)
[GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-3)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
# 输入以下命令 然后回车：
>>> import site
>>> print(site.getsitepackages())
['/usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages', '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib64/python3.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages']

查看文件夹大小：

du -sh /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
du -sh /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages
du -sh /usr/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
du -sh /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages

可以看到文件夹大小：

[root@localhost site-packages]# du -sh /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
2.1G    /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
[root@localhost site-packages]# ^C
[root@localhost site-packages]# du -sh /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages
34M     /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages
[root@localhost site-packages]# du -sh /usr/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
24M     /usr/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
[root@localhost site-packages]# du -sh /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages
32M     /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages

三、安装PyInstaller

参考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/1614723f3197

查看是否安装pip3，可以看到已经有了

[root@localhost ~]# pip3 -V
pip 9.0.3 from /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

安装pyinstaller之前先安装依赖包：

pip3 install wheel
yum -y install gcc
yum -y install clang
yum -y install zlib-devel

最后安装pyinstaller:

pip3 install pyinstaller

结果：

[root@localhost ~]# pip3 install pyinstaller
WARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `pip3 install --user` instead.
Collecting pyinstaller
  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/b0/e6/e5760666896739115b0e4538a42cdd895215581618ec885ad043dd35ee57/pyinstaller-4.10.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pyinstaller)
Requirement already satisfied: altgraph in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pyinstaller)
Requirement already satisfied: pyinstaller-hooks-contrib>=2020.6 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pyinstaller)
Requirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pyinstaller)
Requirement already satisfied: typing-extensions>=3.6.4; python_version < "3.8" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata->pyinstaller)
Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata->pyinstaller)
Building wheels for collected packages: pyinstaller
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pyinstaller ... done
  Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/86/1d/7e/c1c7c4778f6f93f932ac74759fdef0c5ac801be636e35ec887
Successfully built pyinstaller
Installing collected packages: pyinstaller
Successfully installed pyinstaller-4.10

安装pyinstall
[安装pyinstaller](https://www.jianshu.com/p/1614723f3197)



 
 第一种方法：下载PyInstaller进行安装
```cpp
wget -c https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/releases/download/v3.3.1/PyInstaller-3.3.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf PyInstaller-3.3.1.tar.gz
python setup.py install
pyinstaller --version

第一种方法：使用pip安装（推荐）


centos8 python3安装 pyinstaller
在CentOS 8上安装Python 3和PyInstaller，你可以按照以下步骤操作：

首先，确保系统已安装了Python 3。如果没有安装，可以使用以下命令安装Python 3：

sudo dnf install python3
接下来，安装PyInstaller。你可以使用pip，但首先需要确保你有pip3：

sudo dnf install python3-pip
然后，使用pip3安装PyInstaller：

pip3 install pyinstaller
验证PyInstaller是否安装成功：

pyinstaller --version
如果你遇到权限问题，请确保你有正确的权限来安装软件包，或者使用sudo执行命令。如果PyInstaller不是通过Python 3的pip安装的，你可能需要使用pip3来安装。

报错解决

1、缺少gcc、clang、icc
No precompiled bootloader found or compile forced. Trying to compile the bootloader for you ...
  Setting top to                           : /tmp/pip-build-_sw7c23l/pyinstaller/bootloader
  Setting out to                           : /tmp/pip-build-_sw7c23l/pyinstaller/bootloader/build
  Python Version                           : 3.6.8 (default, Sep 10 2021, 09:13:53) [GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-3)]
  Checking for 'gcc' (C compiler)          : not found
  Checking for 'clang' (C compiler)        : not found
  Checking for 'icc' (C compiler)          : not found
  could not configure a C compiler!
  (complete log in /tmp/pip-build-_sw7c23l/pyinstaller/bootloader/build/config.log)
  ERROR: Failed compiling the bootloader. Please compile manually and rerun setup.py

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for pyinstaller
  Running setup.py clean for pyinstaller
Failed to build pyinstaller
Installing collected packages: altgraph, pyinstaller-hooks-contrib, typing-extensions, zipp, importlib-metadata, pyinstaller
  Running setup.py install for pyinstaller ... error

解决方法：

pip3 install wheel
 yum -y install gcc
 yum -y install make zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel
yum -y install clang
yum -y install icc

pyinstaller打包

默认打包命令，进入到需要打包的目录下
在这里插入图片描述

#打包命令，等待打包完成后
pyinstaller main.py

在这里插入图片描述
进入到dist目录下

cd /dist/main
# 运行
./main
# 结果：
[root@localhost main]# ./main
 * Serving Flask app 'main' (lazy loading)
 * Environment: production
   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
   Use a production WSGI server instead.
 * Debug mode: off
 * Running on all addresses.
   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
 * Running on http://192.168.145.129:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
指定的服务器地址和端口：app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=5000)

编写测试python程序
vim test.py

#!/usr/bin/python -w
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-

import os

def main():
    print("print the result of 'ls -al':")
    print("这是一个测试代码")
    os.system("ls -al")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

使用python程序直接调用该程序，结果如下：


[root@localhost soft]# python3 test.py
print the result of 'ls -al':
这是一个测试的python
总用量 3392
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root     139 6月  17 20:31 .
drwxr-xr-x. 15 root root     170 6月  17 20:07 ..
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root      18 6月  17 20:31 build
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      18 6月  17 20:31 dist
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      33 6月  17 20:31 __pycache__
drwxr-xr-x.  9 1000 1000    4096 6月  17 20:15 PyInstaller-3.3.1
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 3458638 12月  7 2021 PyInstaller-3.3.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     214 6月  17 20:13 test.py
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     709 6月  17 20:31 test.spec

大写的-F表示生成单一文件。

pyinstaller -F test.py

运行结果：


[root@localhost soft]# pyinstaller -F test.py
29 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.3.1
29 INFO: Python: 3.6.8
4630 INFO: Building EXE from out00-EXE.toc completed successfully.

查看目录：

[root@localhost soft]# ll
总用量 8
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  18 6月  17 20:31 build
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  18 6月  17 20:31 dist
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  33 6月  17 20:31 __pycache__
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 214 6月  17 20:13 test.py
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 709 6月  17 20:31 test.spec

dist就是打包结果目录，进入直接运行：

[root@localhost soft]# cd dist/
[root@localhost dist]# ll
总用量 6156
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6300160 6月  17 20:31 test
[root@localhost dist]# ./test
print the result of 'ls -al':
这是一个测试的python
总用量 6156
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root      18 6月  17 20:31 .
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root      82 6月  17 20:36 ..
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6300160 6月  17 20:31 test

docker打包python程序
docker打包python程序：https://developer.baidu.com/article/details/2805093

详细：https://www.jb51.net/python/3144726ij.htm

全过程：
https://blog.csdn.net/zxstone/article/details/138638918?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2_defaultbaidujs_baidulandingword~default-8-138638918-blog-130821367.235^v43pc_blog_bottom_relevance_base8&spm=1001.2101.3001.4242.5&utm_relevant_index=11

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