这是关于理发师问题的c++程序，如果对其中函数有不理解的可以看我另一篇博客进程相关函数汇总解释，对照着看，可能方便你理解

#include<iostream>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<time.h>

using namespace std;

#define CHAIRS 5 //椅子数目
#define MAX_COUNT 10 //顾客最多人数
HANDLE Mutex = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,L"Mutex");//用来实现进程的互斥(L是指后面的字符使用unicode格式)
HANDLE barbers = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 1, 1, L"barbers");//进行线程间的同步
HANDLE customers = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, CHAIRS, L"customers");
int count = 0;//顾客
int waiting = 0;//等待的顾客数
int finish = 0;//理发完毕的顾客数

//随机函数
int random()
{
	srand((int)time(NULL));
	return rand()% 5000;
}

//顾客进程
DWORD WINAPI customer(LPVOID pParm2)
{
	if (ReleaseSemaphore(customers,1,NULL))	//V(customer)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(Mutex, INFINITE);
		::count++;
		cout << "你是第 " << ::count << " 位顾客，欢迎您的到来^_^" << endl;
		if (waiting!=0)
		{
			cout << "现在有" << waiting << " 位顾客等待理发，请您耐心等待^_^" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "没有顾客在理发，我马上为您服务^_^" << endl;//输出有多少人在等待
		}
		waiting++;
		ResumeThread(customers);//唤醒理发师进程
		ReleaseMutex(Mutex);//释放互斥量，以便其他线程使用
		WaitForSingleObject(barbers, INFINITE);//等待理发
	}
	else
	{
		::count++;
		//没有椅子，顾客直接离开
		cout << "对不起，没有空椅子......第" << ::count << "个顾客离开理发店" << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

//理发师线程
DWORD WINAPI barber(LPVOID pParm1)
{
	while (true)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(customers, INFINITE);//P(customers)，等待顾客
		WaitForSingleObject(Mutex, INFINITE);//等待互斥量
		ReleaseSemaphore(barbers, 1, NULL);//释放信号量
		ResumeThread(barbers);//唤醒顾客进程
		Sleep(5000);
		finish++;//理发完毕的顾客数
		cout << "第" << finish << "个顾客理发完毕，离开" << endl;
		waiting--;//等待的人数减少1
		ReleaseMutex(Mutex);//V(mutex);
	}
	return 0;
}

int main()
{
	char close_door='n';//初始默认开张
	cout << "***************新店开张，热烈欢迎光大顾客的光临！！***********" << endl;
	cout << "本店中共有" << CHAIRS << "把椅子" << endl;
	HANDLE hThreadCustomer;
	HANDLE hThreadBarder;
	hThreadBarder = CreateThread(NULL, 0, barber, NULL, 0, NULL); //产生一个理发师进程
	while (close_door != 'y')
	{
		Sleep(random());//rand()函数实现顾客随机到来 
		cout<<endl<<"正在营业，请进！"<<endl;
		if (finish >= MAX_COUNT) //如果完成数超过 10 并且没有人等待
		{
			while (waiting != 0)
			{
				Sleep(1000); continue;
			}
			cout << "已经为" << finish << "个顾客理发了，是否停止营业?" << endl << "输入 y 或"
				"n"<<endl; //提示是否关门
			cin >> close_door;
			if (close_door == 'y')
			{
				cout << "暂停营业！欢迎下次光临！" << endl;
				system("pause");
				return 0;
			}

			else
			{
				finish = 0;
				::count = 0;
				cout << "继续营业" << endl;
			}
		} 
		hThreadCustomer = CreateThread(NULL, 0, customer, NULL, 0, NULL);
	}
	return 0;
}