1. 第一个节点需要加 --wsrep-new-cluster 参数

docker run -itd --name m1 -p 3306:3306 -e MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -v /e/my.cnf/m1/50-server.cnf:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf -v /e/my.cnf/m1/60-galera.cnf:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf mariadb:10.6 --wsrep-new-cluster

第二个节点正常启

docker run -itd --name m2 -p 3307:3306 -e MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -v /e/my.cnf/m2/50-server.cnf:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf -v /e/my.cnf/m2/60-galera.cnf:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf mariadb:10.6

1. 第三个节点正常启

docker run -itd --name m3 -p 3308:3306 -e MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -v /e/my.cnf/m3/50-server.cnf:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf -v /e/my.cnf/m3/60-galera.cnf:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf mariadb:10.6

配置文件自己建

50-server.cnf

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see

# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]

# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]

#
# * Basic Settings
#

user                    = mysql
pid-file                = /run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
basedir                 = /usr
datadir                 = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir                  = /tmp
lc-messages-dir         = /usr/share/mysql
lc-messages             = en_US
skip-external-locking

# Broken reverse DNS slows down connections considerably and name resolve is
# safe to skip if there are no "host by domain name" access grants
#skip-name-resolve

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
# bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

#
# * Fine Tuning
#

#key_buffer_size        = 128M
#max_allowed_packet     = 1G
#thread_stack           = 192K
#thread_cache_size      = 8
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
#myisam_recover_options = BACKUP
#max_connections        = 100
#table_cache            = 64

#
# * Logging and Replication
#

# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# Recommend only changing this at runtime for short testing periods if needed!
#general_log_file       = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log            = 1

# When running under systemd, error logging goes via stdout/stderr to journald
# and when running legacy init error logging goes to syslog due to
# /etc/mysql/conf.d/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysqld_safe.cnf
# Enable this if you want to have error logging into a separate file
#log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Enable the slow query log to see queries with especially long duration
#slow_query_log_file    = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
#long_query_time        = 10
#log_slow_verbosity     = query_plan,explain
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#min_examined_row_limit = 1000

# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
#       other settings you may need to change.
#server-id              = 1
#log_bin                = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days        = 10
#max_binlog_size        = 100M

#
# * SSL/TLS
#

# For documentation, please read
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/securing-connections-for-client-and-server/
#ssl-ca = /etc/mysql/cacert.pem
#ssl-cert = /etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
#ssl-key = /etc/mysql/server-key.pem
#require-secure-transport = on

#
# * Character sets
#

# MySQL/MariaDB default is Latin1, but in Debian we rather default to the full
# utf8 4-byte character set. See also client.cnf
character-set-server  = utf8mb4
collation-server      = utf8mb4_general_ci

#
# * InnoDB
#

# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
# Most important is to give InnoDB 80 % of the system RAM for buffer use:
# https://mariadb.com/kb/en/innodb-system-variables/#innodb_buffer_pool_size
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G

# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]

# This group is only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]

# This group is only read by MariaDB-10.5 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mariadb-10.5]

60-galera.cnf

#
# * Galera-related settings
#
# See the examples of server wsrep.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql
# and read more at https://mariadb.com/kb/en/galera-cluster/

[galera]
# Mandatory settings
wsrep_provider           = /usr/lib/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_on                 = ON
wsrep_cluster_name       = "mc"

wsrep_cluster_address    = gcomm://172.17.0.2,172.17.0.3,172.17.0.4
binlog_format            = row
default_storage_engine   = InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2
wsrep_node_address       = 172.17.0.4     # 名字和IP需要不同
wsrep_node_name          = m3             # 根据情况改

# Allow server to accept connections on all interfaces.
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# Optional settings
wsrep_slave_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0