docker search 无法支持此需求，通过定义shell脚本来实现。

新建脚本文件 docker-show-repo-tag.sh

#!/bin/sh
#
# Simple script that will display docker repository tags.
#
# Usage:
#   $ docker-show-repo-tags.sh ubuntu centos
for Repo in $* ; do
  curl -s -S "https://registry.hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/library/$Repo/tags/" | \
    sed -e 's/,/,\n/g' -e 's/\[/\[\n/g' | \
    grep '"name"' | \
    awk -F\" '{print $4;}' | \
    sort -fu | \
    sed -e "s/^/${Repo}:/"
done

使用

// 授予脚本执行权限
$ chmod 744 ./docker-show-repo-tags.sh
// 使用
$ ./docker-show-repo-tags.sh ubuntu centos
ubuntu:14.04
ubuntu:16.04
ubuntu:17.04
ubuntu:latest
ubuntu:trusty-20171117
...
centos:6
centos:6.6
centos:6.7
centos:6.8
...

附

• 官方认证的仓库url
  https://registry.hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/library/$Repo/tags/
  $Repo
  eg: ubuntu

• 个人仓库url
  https://registry.hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/$User/$Repo/tags/
  $User/$Repo
  eg: jenkins/jenkins

原文链接： 2017/12/07/docker search时列出tag/

reference：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24481564/how-can-i-find-a-docker-image-with-a-specific-tag-in-docker-registry-on-the-dock/34054903#34054903