models.py

class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField('姓名', max_length=30)


class Book(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField('书名', max_length=120)
    author = models.ForeignKey(Author, verbose_name='作者')

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from import_export import resources
from import_export.admin import ImportExportMixin
from .models import Book


class BaseModelResource(resources.ModelResource):
    def get_export_headers(self):
        vnames = {i.name: i.verbose_name for i in self.Meta.model._meta.fields}
        return [vnames.get(i.split("__")[0], i) for i in super().get_export_headers()]


class BookResource(BaseModelResource):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = ['name', 'author__name']


@admin.register(Book)
class BookAdmin(ImportExportMixin, admin.ModelAdmin):
    resource_class = BookResource

======================================================================

附: 如果希望导出文件是中文名，可以这样做

from urllib.parse import quote_plus


class ImportExportVerboseFilenameMixin(ImportExportMixin):
    def get_export_filename(self, request, queryset, file_format):
        old_name = super().get_export_filename(request, queryset, file_format)
        return quote_plus(self.model._meta.verbose_name) + old_name.split('-', 1)[-1]



@admin.register(Book)
class BookAdmin(ImportExportVerboseFilenameMixin, admin.ModelAdmin):
    ...