前言

• CentOS Linux release 8.2
• CentOS Linux release 7.9

yum源

腾讯云服务器Centos 8、Centos 7版本上的yum中包含了docker，无需配置yum源。

安装 docker

1. 查看docker

shell> yum info docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Packages
Name        : docker
Arch        : x86_64
Epoch       : 2
Version     : 1.13.1
Release     : 208.git7d71120.el7_9
Size        : 17 M
Repo        : extras/7/x86_64
Summary     : Automates deployment of containerized applications
URL         : https://github.com/docker/docker
License     : ASL 2.0
Description : Docker is an open-source engine that automates the deployment of any
            : application as a lightweight, portable, self-sufficient container that will
            : run virtually anywhere.
            : 
            : Docker containers can encapsulate any payload, and will run consistently on
            : and between virtually any server. The same container that a developer builds
            : and tests on a laptop will run at scale, in production*, on VMs, bare-metal
            : servers, OpenStack clusters, public instances, or combinations of the above.

2. 安装daocker

shell> yum install -y docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel                                                                                                                                                                                                              | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
os                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                                                                                   | 1.0 MB  00:00:00     
(2/3): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                   | 7.0 MB  00:00:01     
(3/3): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                |  12 MB  00:00:01     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker.x86_64 2:1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: docker-common = 2:1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9 for package: 2:docker-1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: docker-client = 2:1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9 for package: 2:docker-1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: subscription-manager-rhsm-certificates for package: 2:docker-1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9.x86_64

...(省略)

Installed:
  docker.x86_64 2:1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9                                                                                                                                                                                            

Dependency Installed:
  atomic-registries.x86_64 1:1.22.1-33.gitb507039.el7_8                                audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.8.5-4.el7                                   checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7                                         
  container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8                                   container-storage-setup.noarch 0:0.11.0-2.git5eaf76c.el7                 containers-common.x86_64 1:0.1.40-11.el7_8                             
  docker-client.x86_64 2:1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9                                   docker-common.x86_64 2:1.13.1-208.git7d71120.el7_9                       fuse-overlayfs.x86_64 0:0.7.2-6.el7_8                                  
  fuse3-libs.x86_64 0:3.6.1-4.el7                                                      libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-21.el7                                           libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.el7                                 
  oci-register-machine.x86_64 1:0-6.git2b44233.el7                                     oci-systemd-hook.x86_64 1:0.2.0-1.git05e6923.el7_6                       oci-umount.x86_64 2:2.5-3.el7                                          
  policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-34.el7                                           python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7                                           python-dateutil.noarch 0:1.5-7.el7                                     
  python-dmidecode.x86_64 0:3.12.2-4.el7                                               python-ethtool.x86_64 0:0.8-8.el7                                        python-inotify.noarch 0:0.9.4-4.el7                                    
  python-pytoml.noarch 0:0.1.14-1.git7dea353.el7                                       python-syspurpose.x86_64 0:1.24.48-1.el7.centos                          setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-4.el7                                      
  slirp4netns.x86_64 0:0.4.3-4.el7_8                                                   subscription-manager.x86_64 0:1.24.48-1.el7.centos                       subscription-manager-rhsm.x86_64 0:1.24.48-1.el7.centos                
  subscription-manager-rhsm-certificates.x86_64 0:1.24.48-1.el7.centos                

Complete!

3. 查看已安装的 docker 的版本

shell> docker version
Client:
 Version:         1.13.1
 API version:     1.26
 Package version: 
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?

4. 启动docker

shell> systemctl start docker

5. 查看docker运行状态

shell> systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-11-17 16:44:59 CST; 20s ago
     Docs: http://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 17532 (dockerd-current)
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           ├─17532 /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime=docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd --userland-proxy-path=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-pr...
           └─17540 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/containerd --shim docker-contai...

Nov 17 16:44:58 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:58.758139169+08:00" level=warning msg="Docker could not enable SELinux on the host system"
Nov 17 16:44:58 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:58.804182251+08:00" level=info msg="Graph migration to content-addressability took 0.00 seconds"
Nov 17 16:44:58 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:58.804653182+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
Nov 17 16:44:58 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:58.872826409+08:00" level=info msg="Firewalld running: false"
Nov 17 16:44:58 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:58.957010199+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16. Daemon option --bip can be use...red IP address"
Nov 17 16:44:58 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:58.987554477+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
Nov 17 16:44:59 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:59.031567584+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Nov 17 16:44:59 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:59.031591129+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit="7d71120/1.13.1" graphdriver=overlay2 version=1.13.1
Nov 17 16:44:59 VM-16-5-centos dockerd-current[17532]: time="2021-11-17T16:44:59.035053083+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"
Nov 17 16:44:59 VM-16-5-centos systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

6. docker 版的 Hello World！

shell> docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/hello-world ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/hello-world
2db29710123e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:cc15c5b292d8525effc0f89cb299f1804f3a725c8d05e158653a563f15e4f685
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/